| System
Type
|
Frequency
Bands
|
Applications |
Terminal
Type/Size |
System
Examples
|
| Fixed Satellite Service
(C & Ku-band)
|
4/6/ GHz
11/12/14 GHz
|
video dilevery VSAT
news gathering telephony |
1 meter diameter and
larger fixed earth station |
Hughes Galaxy
GE American
Loral Skynet
INTELSAT
|
| Direct
Broadcast Satellite |
12
GHz |
direct
to-home video/audio |
.3-.6
diameter fixed earth station |
DirecTV
Echostar
USSB
Astra
|
| Mobile
Satellite (GSO Systems) |
below
3 GHz |
voice
and low-speed data to mobile terminals |
laptop
computer/antenna vehicular/shipboard mounted |
INMARSAT
AMSC/ACES
|
| Mobile
NGSO
(Big LEOs)
|
below
3 GHz |
cellular
telephony; data; paging
instant infrastructure
|
cellular
phone, pager or fixed phone booth |
Iridium
Globalstar
ICO
|
| Mobile
NGSO
(Little LEOs)
|
below
1 GHz |
position
location
tracking
messaging
|
as
small as a pack of cigarettes/omnidirectional antenna |
ORBCOMM
ESAT
|
| Broadband
GSOs
|
20/30
GHz |
Internet
Access; voice, video, data |
20
cm. fixed |
Hughes’
Spaceway
Loral Cyberstar
|
| Broadband
NGSOs
|
20/30
GHz
10/17 GHz
|
Internet
Access; voice, video, data; videoconferencing |
dual
20 cm. tracking antennas
fixed locations |
Teledesic
SkyBridge
(Alcatel/Loral)
Celestri
|